Đề:
Cho biểu thức:
$P = \frac{a^3-a-2b-\frac{b^2}{a}}{(1-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b}{a^2}})(a+\sqrt{a+b})}:(\frac{a^3+a^2+ab+a^2b}{a^2-b^2}+\frac{b}{a-b}) $
với a>b, b>0, $a \neq b$, $a+b \neq a^2$
1. CMR: P=a-b
2. Tìm a,b biết rằng P=1 và $a^3-b^3=7$
Bài làm:
1. $M = \frac{a^3+a^2+ab+a^2b}{a^2-b^2}+\frac{b}{a-b}$
$= \frac{a^3+a^2+ab+a^2b+b(a+b)}{a^2-b^2}$
$= \frac{a^3+a^2+2ab+a^2b+b^2}{a^2-b^2}$
$= \frac{a^3+a^2b+a^2+2ab+b^2}{a^2-b^2}$
$= \frac{a^2(a+b)+(a+b)^2}{a^2-b^2}$
$= \frac{(a+b)(a^2+a+b)}{a^2-b^2}$
Do a> 0, b> 0, nên $a+b \neq 0 $
$M = \frac{a^2+a+b}{a-b}$
$T = \frac{a^3-a-2b-\frac{b^2}{a}}{(1-\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b}{a^2}})(a+\sqrt{a+b})}$
$=\frac{a^4-a^2-2ab-b2}{(a-\sqrt{a+b})(a+\sqrt{a+b})}$
$=\frac{a^4-a^2-2ab-b2}{a^2-(a+b)}$
$=\frac{(a^2)^2-(a+b)^2}{a^2-(a+b)}$
$=a^2+a+b$
Do đó:
$P = \frac{T}{M} = a -b$
2. $P = 1 \iff a-b = 1 \iff a = b+ 1$
$a^3-b^3 = 7$
$\iff (b+1)^3-b^3 = 7$
$\iff 3b^2+3b+1 = 7$
$\iff b^2+b-2 = 0$
$\iff b = 1 \vee b = -2$
Tuy nhiên b > 0 do đó $b = 1 \Rightarrow a= 2$
Đáp số: a=2, b=1
